Even before the U.S. entered WWII, the 37mm gun was rendered relatively ineffective against enemy tanks as they had evolved with thicker armor since 1939. It was dropped from the armament of U.S. medium tanks when the M3 Lee was supplanted by the new line of M4 Shermans. However, mainly due to the light weight of the gun itself (191 pounds) and its ammo, it had a role as a reconaissance weapon with the M3 and M5 Stuart tanks, the M8 Greyhound armored car, the LVT(A)1 amphibian tank, and short-lived mountings on jeeps and the M6 Dodge. Other versions were employed as an anti-aicraft gun, cannon in the P-39 Airacobra fighter plane, and as a subcaliber training gun on larger artillery pieces such as the 155mm.
As a trailed artillery piece, the anti-tank gun was fielded in North Africa and Italy, and with better effect in the Pacific, where it could take on thin-armored Japanese tanks and bunkers. It ceased production in the summer of 1943 as the 57mm was standardized as the main infantry weapon against tanks. Still, there were a few instances of its use in France after D-Day. The gun was typically towed by a jeep (see the infamous photo below with the Bantam jeep during stateside training), M3 Scout Car—or virtually anything else with wheels or tracks, for that matter.
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