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28 March 2023

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  1. Home
  2. » El fabuloso 88 alemán: asé en la tierra como en el cielo
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DDIke's picture
Shared by DDIke ( 
3
 HQ Batallón) November 23, 2014

El fabuloso 88 alemán: asé en la tierra como en el cielo

Concebido y fabricado como pieza antiaérea, resulto a la postre la más fabulosa arma anticarro de toda la contienda, sobre todo en el Norte de Africa.

Es sin duda alguna el cañón más famoso de toda la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En realidad no es uno, sino hasta cuatro tipos denominados FlaK 18, 36, 37 y 41. Nació como arma antiaérea pero muy pronto resulto ser, sorprendentemente, el anticarro más letal de toda la contienda.

Las razones por las cuales se convirtió no solo en el azote de la aviación, sino de los medios blindados y de transporte de cualquier tipo, incluidos barcos, eran su calibre: 88 mm, su alcance, cadencia de fuego, pero sobre todo su alta movilidad. A pesar de sus más de 7 toneladas, el tiempo de emplazamiento con una dotación bien entrenada no llegaba al minuto por lo que, y unido al peso de su proyectil ( 9 a 10 Kg.) y a su velocidad inicial (800 m/s) superaba con mucho a cualquier anticarro de su época. Su avanzado sistema de telemetría y localización de blancos se concibió para disparar contra aviones.

Es fácil adivinar sus efectos contra carros de combate, mucho más lentos. Solo fue cuestión de tiempo que se convirtiese en el destructor de blindados más temible de la guerra. Tal ocasión tuvo lugar en la campaña de Francia, concretamente en Arras, donde los 88 se enfrentaron a los Matilda británicos, que habían demostrado con creces ser casi invulnerables para los carros y anticarros alemanes convencionales.

Pero la consagración de su formidable capacidad llegó en el Norte de África de la mano de Rommel. El teatro de operaciones era propicio para acciones rápidas y el combate se desarrollaba en las enormes planicies del desierto donde sacar partido a la impresionante precisión y gran alcance del 88. A las piezas les fueron adaptadas pantallas blindadas de protección al estilo de los cañones convencionales y de cabezas tractoras de gran movilidad. Su empleo táctico paso a ser netamente ofensivo. En el paso de Halfaya, dentro de la operación “Battleaxe”, el comandante Bach situó sus 88. Cuando los Matilda II entraron en alcance, fueron destruidos antes de poder acercarse a distancia de combate de las posiciones alemanas. Una sola de estas piezas, la del cabo Hübner, destruyó en esta acción 9 carros. Más tarde en la batalla de Bir-Hacheim, antes de la toma de Tobruk, los ingleses perdieron 298 carros de los cuales 153 fueron víctimas de los 88... (ver más en: www.abc.es)

http://www.abc.es/segunda-guerra-mundial/armamento/20141123/abci-armamento-canon...

Source: 

Alejandro Fernández Blanco - www.abc.es
1

Tags: 

  • 88 mm gun
  • cañón antiaéreo
  • cañón antitanque
  • Flak 18
  • Flak 36
  • FlaK 37
  • FlaK41
  • Campaña del Norte de África
  • Africa Korps

Categories: 

  • Armament and Equipment
  • ARMY
  • Anti-Tank Weapons
  • Anti-Tank Guns

WW2 Timeline: 

  • 1939-1945

Nation in war: 

  • AXIS
  • Germany

Language: 

  • Spanish

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